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Short Signatures from the Weil Pairing (Boneh, Lynn, Shacham 2001)

Last modified: 2026-10-27

Summary

Introduces BLS signatures: a signature is a single group element H(m)^x on a pairing-friendly curve, verified with a pairing equation, giving very short signatures secure under CDH in gap Diffie–Hellman groups in the random-oracle model. BLS signatures aggregate naturally and are widely deployed (e.g. Ethereum consensus); pairing-based signatures of this family underlie BBS-style anonymous credentials. (ASIACRYPT 2001; journal version JoC 2004.)