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Demystifying Arm TrustZone: A Comprehensive Survey (Pinto, Santos 2019)

Last modified: 2026-10-27

DOI: 10.1145/3291047 · URL: https://doi.org/10.1145/3291047

Summary

Comprehensive survey (ACM Computing Surveys) of Arm TrustZone, the hardware isolation technology behind the trusted execution environments in most smartphones, covering its architecture, TEE systems and hardware-assisted virtualization from academia and industry, plus known attacks. Relevant to e-ID holder binding, where wallet keys live in TrustZone-based keystores and trusted hardware assumptions underpin device binding.

Related resources

• Device Binding for Anonymous Credentials on Legacy Phones (Lehmann, Zacharakis 2026) (paper, 2026)
• Device-Bound Anonymous Credentials With(out) Trusted Hardware (Friedrichs, Harding, Lehmann, Lysyanskaya 2025) (paper, 2025)